If your active child has been complaining about heel pain, especially during or after sports activities, they might be experiencing calcaneal apophysitis, also known as Sever’s disease. This condition is one of the most common causes of heel pain in children and adolescents, particularly those who are physically active.
What is Calcaneal Apophysitis?
Calcaneal apophysitis occurs when the growth plate in the heel bone (calcaneus) becomes inflamed due to repetitive stress. This growth plate is a crucial area where new bone tissue forms as children grow. The condition typically affects young athletes during growth spurts, when the growth plate is most vulnerable to injury. The Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, plays a significant role in this condition. The tendon pulls on the growth plate during physical activities, especially running and jumping, potentially causing pain and inflammation.
Who is Most at Risk?
Children and adolescents between the ages of 8 and 14 are most susceptible to developing calcaneal apophysitis, particularly if they:
- Actively play sports that involve frequent running and jumping, such as basketball, soccer, or gymnastics
- Experience rapid growth spurts that can put additional stress on the heel
- Have tight calf muscles or Achilles tendons
- Are overweight, which places extra stress on the heel
Recognizing the Symptoms
Parents should be attentive to their child’s symptoms, which typically include:
- Pain in one or both heels, especially during physical activity
- Increased discomfort when squeezing the sides of the heel
- Limping or walking on tiptoes to avoid putting pressure on the heel
- Pain that worsens after running and jumping activities
- Symptoms that improve with rest but return with activity
Diagnosis and Treatment
While a physical examination is usually sufficient to diagnose calcaneal apophysitis, your podiatrist may recommend X-rays and an MRI to rule out other potential causes of heel pain. Once diagnosed, several treatment approaches may be recommended:
Conservative Treatment Options
- Rest and activity modification to reduce stress on the heel
- Physical therapy exercises to stretch and strengthen the affected area
- The use of heel cups or orthotics to provide cushioning and support
- Application of ice to reduce pain and inflammation
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to manage pain and inflammation
Long-term Management
Most children respond well to conservative treatment, but recovery requires patience. The condition typically resolves on its own as the growth plate closes and becomes solid bone. However, proper management is essential to ensure comfort and prevent complications.
Prevention Strategies
To help prevent calcaneal apophysitis or minimize its impact:
- Ensure proper footwear with adequate heel support
- Gradually increase activity levels rather than sudden changes
- Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the heel
- Incorporate regular stretching exercises, especially for the Achilles tendon
- Allow adequate rest periods between intense physical activities
When to Seek Professional Help
While calcaneal apophysitis is generally not serious, consult a podiatrist if your child’s heel pain:
- Persists despite rest and home treatment
- Significantly affects their daily activities or sports participation
- It is accompanied by severe swelling or redness
- Causes notable limping or changes in walking pattern
Remember, early intervention and appropriate management can help your child return to their favorite activities more quickly while preventing potential complications. Consult with one of our experience podiatrists in West Palm Beach, Boynton Beach on the East, and Tampa or Fort Myers on the West Coast.
