What Is Melanoma?
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops in the melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin pigmentation. While most melanomas appear on sun-exposed areas, they can also develop in unexpected parts of the body, including the feet. Because feet receive less attention than other areas, early detection of melanoma on foot is often delayed, making it more dangerous.
The Different Types of Melanoma on Foot
Melanoma on foot can appear in different forms, each with unique characteristics:
1. Acral Lentiginous Melanoma (ALM)
This is the most common form of melanoma on the foot, particularly in people with darker skin tones. ALM can develop on the soles, beneath a toenail, or on the palms. Unlike other melanomas, it is not linked to sun exposure.
2. Superficial Spreading Melanoma
One of the most common types of melanoma, starts as a flat, irregularly shaped lesion and slowly spreads. It may resemble an existing mole but will change over time.
3. Amelanotic Melanoma
A rare but aggressive type of skin cancer, amelanotic melanoma lacks the dark pigmentation seen in typical melanomas. Instead, it may appear pink, red, or skin-colored, making it harder to recognize.
Risk Factors for Melanoma on Foot
Several factors increase the likelihood of developing melanoma on foot, including:
- Darker Skin Tones: While melanoma is more common in lighter skin, people with darker skin are at a higher risk of developing acral lentiginous melanoma.
- Sun Exposure: Although foot melanoma isn’t always caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, prolonged sun exposure can still contribute.
- Existing Moles: Changes in moles on the feet should be monitored carefully.
- Genetics: A family history of malignant melanoma increases your risk.
Weakened Immune System: Conditions that compromise the immune system can make it harder to fight off cancerous changes in the skin.
Signs and Symptoms: How to Spot Melanoma
Early detection is critical to prevent the spread of melanoma. Use the ABCDES of melanoma to check for warning signs:
- A – Asymmetry: One-half of the lesion doesn’t match the other.
- B – Border: The edges are irregular or blurred.
- C – Color: Uneven coloring, with shades of black, brown, red, or blue.
- D – Diameter: Larger than 6mm or growing over time.
- E – Evolving: Any changes in size, shape, or color.
Other signs include:
- A dark streak beneath a toenail
- A non-healing sore
- A lump that’s firm and growing
How Melanoma Spreads
If left untreated, melanoma can spread to the lymph nodes and other parts of the body, making treatment more difficult. The deeper the melanoma penetrates the skin, the higher the risk of metastasis.
Treatment depends on how advanced the melanoma is. Options include:
- Surgical Removal: The primary treatment involves excising the cancerous tissue and surrounding skin.
- Radiation Therapy: Used in cases where the melanoma has spread or can’t be fully removed surgically.
- Immunotherapy & Targeted Therapy: Advanced melanoma may require medications that boost the immune system or attack cancer cells directly.
Protecting Your Feet: Prevention Tips
- Check Your Feet Regularly: Examine the soles, toes, and nails for any changes.
- Use Sunscreen: Apply SPF to exposed feet, especially when wearing sandals.
- Wear Protective Footwear: Avoid walking barefoot in intense sunlight.
- See a Doctor for Any Suspicious Spots: Don’t ignore unusual lesions, dark streaks, or non-healing wounds on your feet.
The Bottom Line
Melanoma on foot is a serious but preventable condition. Early detection and treatment significantly improve outcomes. Stay vigilant, perform regular foot checks, and seek medical advice for any suspicious skin changes. Protect your feet today to prevent complications in the future!
If you are experiencing muscle melanoma on foot? Visit our Brandon foot and ankle office or Fort Myers locations for expert evaluation and treatment. Call us today 813-654-3354 to schedule your appointment!
